Breeds of pigs while this index is not 100% complete for all breeds, nor does it contain all the information available for all breeds, it does give you an idea of what you are looking for when you go to purchase a pig. The tamworth pig has an elongated head shape and a long narrow body. Many breeds have varieties with different combs, so if you desire a particular breed, you can select the variety that is best for your area. List of cattle breeds list of dairy cattle breeds list of beef cattle breeds list of french cattle breeds list of indian cattle breeds. Starting pig farming business plan pdf startupbiz global. Features care and feeding of the pigs and where to buy the pig breeds landrace, yorkshire, duroc written in this article. This primefact provides a brief history of the landrace breed and its use in the australian pork industry. When making this choice, you should not only consider your own. Heres a tip if you plan to raise your own hogs this year, now is the time to start shopping for a breeder. Knowing the different breeds and their characteristics is important in making decisions about which breed to use in breeding programs. Different pig breeds pig farming in south africa elsabe visser.
The tamworth pig is of ginger to red colouration and is thought to have descended from wild boars, via native pig stock of europe. In 2011 it was classified as vulnerable on the list of the rare breeds survival trust, which means that it is not believed that there are between 200 and 300. The duroc pigs are the second most recorded breed of swine in the united states and a major breed in many other countries, especially as a terminal sire or in hybrids. However, to build a successful, sustainable pig farming business, you require sufficient knowledge of how to efficiently raise the pigs, good management skills, and a good piggery business plan. Large black pig the different breeds of swine farming plan. Using genetic classification and levels of functional traits, breeds can be grouped into these functional types. The price of feed and the market price of pigs go up when pig meat is scarce and drop again when there is an. Numbers of different pig farm types in nagaland state, by district. More than 70% of the sheep in australia are purebred merinos, the rest are other pure breeds and crossbred. Breeds of livestock swine breeds breeds of livestock. Breeds of swine macy vansickle bryan county oces youth development educator landrace originated in denmark large drooped ears known for their maternal instincts white long berkshire one of the oldest breeds, originated in england black with white legs, snout and switch known for fast and efficient growth and reproductive efficiency erect ears chester white originated in chester county. A pig identified as 182 would have two notches each at the 9 and 1 positions on the appropriate ear. The large white has become well established as a major breed in virtually all pig producing countries in the world.
Crossbreeding breeding of two animals from different breeds. Pigs are very adaptable animals and could be reared at different. Because of their lifestyle and inherent genes, different breeds became known for a variety of characteristics, including the rich and hearty taste of their meat. According to pigs for profit by drs jim robinson and mary louise penrith these breeds can be divided into two major groups, namely unimproved and improved breeds. The landrace pig was developed for the export of a consistent bacon product, wiltshire sides, to great britain with a minimum of wastage. First and subsequent crosses were ideally suited to intensive pig. It is anyways good to know more about the different breeds available as it would be helpful in making the choice of the pet that you would want in your home. The large white pig is a breed of domestic pig originating in yorkshire. It is also known as the yorkshire pig and the english large white pig. All you need to know about raising different breeds of pigs you will learn from this article.
Breeds of pigslandrace department of primary industries. Ba xuyen bantu banza beijing black belarus black pied belgian landrace bentheim black pied berkshire black slavonian british landrace. Global pig production numbers over 100 different breeds and all of them can be divided into three main groups. Crossbreeding and hybrid vigor iowa pork industry center. They are among the oldest of pig breeds, but as with many older breeds of livestock, they are not well suited to modern production methods. A newborn pig until it is weaned from a diet of milk to an all solidfeed ration. The american guinea pig is the most common breed among the guinea pigs. Large white pig breed information modern farming methods. Like earlier mentioned, there many different varieties of pigs in the world. Table 1 lists characteristics of the major breeds of cattle in texas those most numerous or most familiar in the state by estimates of purebred breedwide averages. This is done to maintain the production supply of the breed. There is an extensive index set in type that is so small as to be difficult to read. An introduction to different breeds of beef and dairy c attle. When you breed pigs you typically end up with more pigs.
The farmer must know the feed requirements of the different age groups and feed each group the correct quantity of the right mixture. Storeys illustrated breed guide to sheep, goats, cattle and pigs. In a recently completed study of eating quality of pork and pig meat products of different breeds reared under organic conditions kelley et al. Wisely choosing a breed, there is no doubt that the breeding pigs will be profitable. On the other hand, the pure breed pigs are those animals which are bred from parents of the same breed or variety. Breeds of swine oklahoma state universitystillwater. Most pigs used in intensive systems are based on a crossing of two breeds large. The meat of pigs is widely eaten by people across the world. Breeds of swine can be grouped into two different catagories, maternal or terminal breeds. Dual purpose poultry breeds are what most people think of as typical small family farm. Instructions for some of our online services are available further down this page. This is practiced to combine traits of different breeds. Hog raising in the philippines is a very popular enterprise such that there is a proliferation of backyard producers, which dominates the swine industry and a healthy viable commercial sector.
Pig breeds, breeding systems and supply and demand. Pig farmers should be aware that profit margins can differ from year to year. The domestication of pigs is thought to have started about 7000 to 8000 bc. The modern domesticated pig has a smaller head in proportion to the body, a mostly curled tail, less hair and a.
They may not do as well on a homestead or small farm operation, as you may give your pigs more room to roam, and factory breeds may lack some of the more traditional pig behaviors and instincts. The most common pig breeds for commercial pig production are the yorkshire, landrace, hampshire, duroc, and tibetan, tamworth and their crosses. Wool produced from merino sheep is finer than wool produced from other breeds. Although important and a good basic understanding of the commercial pig breeds should be obtained, it is too much for us to explore almost 70 breeds of swine on a dedicated miniature pet pig website. Pig farming business is a very profitable business, and many people are making money all over the world by starting a piggery business. There are a variety of different types of pig breeds. List of different pig breeds modern farming methods. Local breeds of swine jangali bandel wild boar found in the wild throughout the country, for the commercial production to receive seed rs 10,000 per piglet to be paid to the national park and wild life conservation department of nepal.
Meishan breed most common and popular breed in china is the meishan pig which comes from the region of lakes and valleys in china. Selection is the process of picking which breeds or lines of. The mostrecorded breed of swine in north america, yorkshires are white with erect ears. The secondmost recorded breed of swine in the united states, the red pigs with the drooping ears are valued for their product quality, carcass yield, fast growth and leangain efficiency. Production cycle of swine uc davis western institute for. Pig breeds pigs are omnivores and are intelligent animals. The reason for this was because by the time we found the first one, he had only one left for us at that time. Field guide to heritage breed pigs blackberry farm. Learn about different kinds of pig farming styles and choose the right one to help you with the great pig farming quality.
An introduction to different breeds of beef and dairy cattle. It was discovered early on that meat from pigs could be preserved better than meat from other species through smoking or pickling, making pigs the meat animal. These breeds are referred to as dual purpose, and these breeds produce a good number of eggs and a good carcass for meat consumption. Archaeological evidence from the middle east indicates domestication of the pig occurs as early as 9,000 years ago, with some evidence for. It is believed that the majority of the pig breeds we know today are descended from the eurasian wild boar sus scrofa. Through minor modifications, the texel you see today was born. The resulting meat from pasture raised pig breeds differs from pork products obtained from commercial confined hog operations. It is the breed that anyone would imagine when the name guinea pig is. It is one of the most popular and most numerous of all pig breeds, and widely used in crossbreeding for intensive pig farming system around the world. Duroc pigs are red, largeframed, medium length and muscular, with partially drooping ears. Some of them are very famous for egg production, some are popular for meat production and some breeds are famous and popular for both meat and egg production. With around 1 billion individuals alive at any time, the domesticated pig is one of the most numerous large mammals on the planet.
Free range pig farming, stall free pig farming, indoor intensive pig farming, which one is suitable for you. Pig farming is one of the most intensive of all livestock production systems. Swine it is believed that the majority of the breeds we now know are descended from the eurasian wild boar sus scrofa. Your elected breed representative is there to help you and answer your questions. The berkshire breed standard requires a pig to have a color pattern consisting of only black and white hairs. Breeds of swine the major breeds of swine include the berkshire, chester. The breed began when a small, fleshy type of pig from canton in china was crossed with white pigs from yorkshire and adjacent counties to produce the small white, middle white and large white breeds. Their long carcase makes them very suitable for bacon production. Egg color and size cold hardy behavior broodingbest coop recommendation egg laying ameraucana 45 blue yes well adaptable to confinement or free range. Modern pig production, advises the marketing of all offspring, because they inherit half of the duroc genes responsible for the reddish brown colour of the breed which creates problems at the abattoir. The large black pig is the rarest breed of historic pig in britain, although the numbers are slowly increasing due to an increase in the demand for pork from traditional breeds.
Exotic breeds the most common pig breeds for commercial pig production are the yorkshire, landrace, hampshire, duroc, and tibetan, tamworth and meishan breeds and their crosses. Hence the oldest official and national pig breeding scheme in the world. They will require vast amounts of feed and may not be as adaptable to eating brush and pasture as heritage breeds. It has large drooping ears and it is of the lard type. This finding is consistent with data obtained for chickens and confirms that livestock was transported in ancient times. They are found in almost every state, with the highest populations being in illinois, indiana, iowa, nebraska and ohio. Ive had guinea pigs for 11 years now and i truly love them from age 6 to 17 this year one interesting thing that i have noticed overtime is that you could get one male an one female short haired guinea pig and then after they have a few babies, out my actually get a completely different breed. There are fewer than 300 registered breeding females remain and are listed as threatened. Pig farm security can be defined as the planning and implementation of a program to minimize various types of risk that.
Whether you are keeping pigs on a small or large scale. Texel guinea pigs are sometimes referred to as the longhaired sheltie. Interestingly, genetic analysis of western and eastern african pig breeds has revealed a strong phylogeographic pattern, with the latter harbouring far eastern alleles at high frequencies. While most pigs will happily graze, root, and forage in any setting, there are breeds that convert pasture and wood lot growth to meat better than others.
There are hundreds of breeds of the domestic pig sus scrofa domesticus list with classification and. There are a number of different types of pig kept in farming systems. These breeds produce lean meat combined with efficient feed conversion 3 kg of good feed is needed to produce 1 kg of pork. Breeds of swine 5 s uccess in the swine industry depends partly on a broad knowledge of the breeds of hogs used in production. According to the california pot belly pig associationcppa there are 6 distinct varieties of miniature pigs.
We have described the name and characteristics of some productive poultry breeds below. This pig would have one notch each at the 27 and 1position on the right ear, and one notch at the 3 position on the left ear. Each type varies in appearance, size and biological characteristics. Terminal sire breeds are recognized for their growth and carcass quality and are usually used for terminal crosses. As the name suggests, the breed is truly big in size and pure white in coloration. Not all sheep are used to produce highquality wool. For example, a pig identified as 283 would be the third pig from the twentyeighth litter. Appendix a lists other breeds with registry associations. They have been crossed and bred down for years to produce some of the miniature and docile breeds we now recognize. The livestock conservancy quick reference guide to heritage pigs.
Veterinary pathology swine as models in biomedical. Despite the crises facing the swine industry, still many people are venturing in this enterprise. Chicken breed chart to help choose your chicken chicken breed picture bird size lb. Major swine breeds include duroc, bershire, yorkshire, landrace, spotted, hampshire, poland china, and chester white. Crossing well with other breeds, landrace often possess length of body, a high percentage of. Mating two individuals from different breeds thus introducing into the progeny a gene combination. States are berkshire, chester white, duroc, hampshire, landrace. There are hundreds of highly productive poultry breeds available around the world.
Pigs were domesticated thousands of years ago, and through selection and intentional breeding, we have a wide variety of pigs farmed today. Producers also need to consider whether to use hybrid hogs in their operation. Breeds of pigs landrace graeme taylor and greg roese livestock officers pigs intensive livestock development, tamworth susanne hermesch pig genetics coordinator animal genetics and breeding unit, une, armidale. This is the system recommended for the production of slaughter pigs. American yorkshire pig aka english large white a breed that originated in england.
The large white is a big pig with exceptional growth rate. Major swine breeds duroc the thirdmost recorded breed of swine in the united states, berkshires are known for fast and efficient growth, reproductive efficiency, cleanness and meat flavor and value. With the advent of the intensive housing system in australia the landrace became very popular in crossbreeding programs with the large white breed. The maternal breeds are known for their large litters and are selected for replacement females. The danish national pig breeding scheme was established in 1896. The goal of a biosecurity program is to keep out pathogens that the herd has not been exposed to and to minimize the impact of endemic pathogens. These include the american landrace, the hamshire, the tibetan, and the guinea hog.
Also considered a bacon breed, yorkshires produce a high percentage of lean meat on the carcass and low amount of backfat. What you get if the pigs are of different breeds is a hybrid pig. There are many types of pigs in the world, both domestic and wild. Ear notching is done within two days of birth and is the pigs permanent identification. Two sows to join our menagerie ok, here are some important website links. If the ingredient is fed above the maximum suggested inclusion rate, animal performance and pork quality can be compromised. The tamworth pig is among the oldest of pig breeds, but its population is considered rare and critical. Miniature pig meaning these varieties are naturally smaller than farm pigs that will reach 800 pounds. Breeds of pigs large white nsw department of primary industries. Table 2, factors affecting inclusion rate of alternative feed ingredients for swine, lists specific feed ingredients and the corresponding factors that. The remaining 73% of the breeding stock in south africa is supplied by two.
The pig producer has two primary tools to influence the genetics of a pig. Different breeders have placed different emphasis on this trait and genetic trends differ between individual seedstock suppliers. Breed differences in metabolism and background findings introduction both a rodent and a nonrodent species are required for evaluation in nonclinical safety studies conducted to support human clinical trials. And you cant breed more than two types simultaneously. The british author has written numerous books on livestock, including cattle. For example, heart rates are much higher in young swine than in adults.
One year, we purchased our pigs from two different sources. The texel guinea pig is the result of crossbreeding a silkie and a rex guinea pig. Lxl dxd lw x lw pi x pi crossbreeding breeding of two animals from different breeds. Breeding female pigs that have not yet farrowed a litter. The cross breeds usually have parents of two or more different breeds. The duroc pig is an older breed of american domestic pig that forms the basis for many mixedbreed commercial hogs.
The duroc breed, nevertheless, produces well marbled meat that is significantly better than that of most other breeds. The white points must appear on the nose, feet, and tail. When starting a pig farm, you need to choose a breed that would suit your level of skill and management. They also add value through their prolificacy and longevity in the female line. Lets take a closer look at the difference in the miniature pig breeds. These breeds produce lean meat combined with efficient feed conversion 3 kg of good feed is needed to produce 1. The next time you sit down to enjoy your plate of bacon, you might find yourself wondering what breed of pig that it originated from. Different breeds of sheep there are many different breeds of sheep in the world. Please check them out heres tims amazing guitar machine htt. In the pig population,there was a significant difference p of hev in the different predisposing factors age, sex, breeds and husbandry system. Poultry breeds are of three types, on the basis of their productivity. The domestic pig of today originates from the european wild boar, although there are still wild boars today. Since no breed is perfect and each breed has its own unique strengths and weaknesses, the selection of a breed is entirely a matter of personal choice.
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